{"id":1424,"date":"2024-01-09T12:05:32","date_gmt":"2024-01-09T11:05:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/scruton.hu\/2024\/01\/09\/carl-schmitt-katolicizmus-es-politika\/"},"modified":"2025-08-04T19:38:46","modified_gmt":"2025-08-04T17:38:46","slug":"carl-schmitt-katolicizmus-es-politika","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/scruton.hu\/en\/2024\/01\/09\/carl-schmitt-katolicizmus-es-politika\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201eA m\u00e1rt\u00edrok v\u00e9gzete politikai realit\u00e1s\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mit jelent a szekulariz\u00e1lt vil\u00e1gban a vall\u00e1s? Hogyan lehet \u00faj rendet alap\u00edtani, ha \u00f6sszeomlik minden? Telth\u00e1zas esem\u00e9ny\u00fcnk\u00f6n besz\u00e9lgetett Carl Schmitt Katolicizmus \u00e9s politika<\/a> c\u00edm\u0171, a Szent Istv\u00e1n t\u00e1rsulat \u00e1ltal nemr\u00e9g kiadott m\u0171ve kapcs\u00e1n h\u00e1rom megh\u00edvott el\u0151ad\u00f3nk \u2013 Dr. Mezei Bal\u00e1zs vall\u00e1sfiloz\u00f3fus, Dr. G\u00e1jer L\u00e1szl\u00f3 teol\u00f3gus \u00e9s Dr. Hidas Zolt\u00e1n filoz\u00f3fus, szociol\u00f3gus.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A Carl Schmitt k\u00f6nyv\u00e9ben megjelent k\u00e9t sz\u00f6veg majdnem 100 \u00e9vvel ezel\u0151tt \u00edr\u00f3dott, hogy megpr\u00f3b\u00e1ljanak k\u00e9pet adni a vil\u00e1gegyh\u00e1z \u00e9s a politika viszony\u00e1r\u00f3l. Ezzel Schmitt \u00f6n\u00e1ll\u00f3 teol\u00f3giai-filoz\u00f3fiai m\u0171fajt teremtett, a politikai teol\u00f3gia m\u0171faj\u00e1t. \u00cdr\u00e1sai nyom\u00e1n sz\u00e1mos vita bontakozott ki, Carl Schmitt a mai napig vit\u00e1k keresztt\u00fcz\u00e9ben \u00e1ll.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dr. Mezei Bal\u00e1zs<\/strong> az esem\u00e9nyen arr\u00f3l besz\u00e9lt, hogy Carl Schmitt m\u0171v\u00e9ben logikusan vezeti le, hogy m\u00e9g ha minden jogrend \u00f6ssze is d\u0151lne, akkor is lennie kellene valamif\u00e9le szuverenit\u00e1snak. Eml\u00e9keztetett, hogy amikor megjelent itthon a k\u00f6nyv els\u0151 v\u00e1ltozata, a magyar k\u00f6zbesz\u00e9dben is k\u00f6z\u00e9ppontba ker\u00fclt a szuverenit\u00e1s t\u00e9m\u00e1ja, ami val\u00f3j\u00e1ban a jogrend v\u00e9delm\u00e9t jelenti. Schmitt k\u00f6nyv\u00e9ben arra is keresi a v\u00e1laszt, hogy ha a jogrend \u00f6sszed\u0151l, akkor hogyan alapozhat\u00f3 meg a szuverenit\u00e1s? Mezei Bal\u00e1zs szerint erre vonatkozik a dec\u00edzi\u00f3 v\u00e9gs\u0151 elve. A vall\u00e1sfiloz\u00f3fus felh\u00edvta r\u00e1 a figyelmet, hogy Carl Schmitt N\u00e9metorsz\u00e1g teljes \u00f6sszeoml\u00e1s\u00e1nak \u00e1llapot\u00e1ban \u00edrta a k\u00f6nyvben szerepl\u0151 \u00edr\u00e1sait. Mezei szerint a \u201ekrisztikum\u201d a kereszt\u00e9nys\u00e9g l\u00e9nyege, bizonys\u00e1gt\u00e9tel. \u00dagy fogalmazott, a m\u00e1rt\u00edrok v\u00e9gzete politikai realit\u00e1s. Szerinte a tan\u00fabizonys\u00e1g szorosan \u00f6sszefon\u00f3dik a vil\u00e1g realit\u00e1s\u00e1val.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Megh\u00edvott el\u0151ad\u00f3ink Carl Schmitt \u00edr\u00e1sait j\u00e1rt\u00e1k k\u00f6rbe<\/mark><\/em><\/sub><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 B\u00e1r Carl Schmitt nem \u00e1ll hozz\u00e1m t\u00fal k\u00f6zel, a k\u00f6tetben l\u00e9v\u0151 \u00edr\u00e1sait m\u00e9gis mag\u00e1val ragad\u00f3nak \u00e9s izgalmasnak tartom, hiszen egyszerre k\u00f6nnyedek, m\u00e9gis nagyon s\u00falyosak \u2013 fogalmazott az esem\u00e9nyen G\u00e1jer L\u00e1szl\u00f3 <\/strong>atya. \u00dagy v\u00e9li, a politikai fogalmak val\u00f3j\u00e1ban szekulariz\u00e1lt teol\u00f3giai fogalmak (p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a szuverenit\u00e1s vagy a hatalom), vagyis a teol\u00f3gi\u00e1ban nyernek megalapoz\u00e1st. Mint mondta, Schmitt \u00e9letm\u0171v\u00e9nek s\u00falya \u00e9lete elej\u00e9re esik. K\u00f6zponti dilemm\u00e1nak a komplexi\u00f3 oppozit\u00f3rumot tartja, amely l\u00e9nyeg\u00e9ben a katolikus egyh\u00e1zr\u00f3l sz\u00f3l, hiszen sokakban a katolikus egyh\u00e1z elleni \u00e9rz\u00e9sek R\u00f3ma ellenes \u00e9rzelmeket jelentettek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hidas Zolt\u00e1n<\/strong> szerint Carl Schmitt szem\u00e9ly\u00e9ben egy rendk\u00edv\u00fcl radik\u00e1lis gondolkod\u00f3r\u00f3l besz\u00e9lhet\u00fcnk, hiszen \u0151 az egyik legvitatottabb alakja a politikai gondolkod\u00e1snak. Olyan \u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sokat fogalmazott meg, amelyek az\u00f3ta is vit\u00e1kat gener\u00e1lnak. Mint a filoz\u00f3fus elmondta, Schmitt a legradik\u00e1lisabb k\u00e9rd\u00e9st teszi fel a politika mibenl\u00e9t\u00e9vel kapcsolatban: mi az, amin a politika nyugszik: Jacob Taubes vall\u00e1sszociol\u00f3gus azt gondolta, hogy Schmitt a 20. sz\u00e1zad legnagyobb gondolkod\u00f3i k\u00f6z\u00e9 tartozik, hab\u00e1r fenntart\u00e1sai voltak vele kapcsolatban, hiszen k\u00f6ztudottan n\u00e1ci p\u00e1rttag volt. Elkezdtek besz\u00e9lgetni, amit \u00fagy jellemzett, \u201ea feneketlen m\u00e9lys\u00e9g sz\u00f3l\u00edtja a feneketlen m\u00e9lys\u00e9get\u201d. Egy szakad\u00e9k kapcsolta \u00f6ssze \u0151ket \u2013 fogalmazott Hidas. Ezt a szakad\u00e9kot \u201ebesz\u00e9lik \u00e1t\u201d viharos eszmecser\u00e9ikben.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hidas azt is elmondta, hogy Carl Schmitt nem az er\u0151szak gondolkod\u00f3ja volt, ahogy sokan tartj\u00e1k, \u0151 a b\u00e9k\u00e9ben volt \u00e9rdekelt. Fel is tette a k\u00e9rd\u00e9st: ki k\u00e9pes ki\u00e9lezett helyzetben elfogadott rendet teremteni? Ami nem az er\u0151szakon alapszik, vagyis legitim rendet teremteni. A politika l\u00e9nyege a hatalom, az, hogy elfogadott m\u00f3don teremtsen \u00e9s tartson rendet. K\u00e9s\u0151bb a politik\u00e1t elvben elk\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00edtik a vall\u00e1st\u00f3l, a radik\u00e1lis sz\u00e9tv\u00e1laszt\u00e1s pedig keresi a megold\u00e1sokat, hogy a vil\u00e1g rendj\u00e9ben hogyan lehet jelen k\u00f6z\u00f6sen az egyh\u00e1z \u00e9s a politika. Megjegyezte, hogy a tart\u00f3s rendet nevezz\u00fck val\u00f3j\u00e1ban int\u00e9zm\u00e9nyes\u00fcl\u00e9snek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De mit jelent a szekulariz\u00e1lt vil\u00e1gban a vall\u00e1s<\/a>? Harmoniz\u00e1lni az eget \u00e9s a f\u00f6ldet. Ha igaz a toqueilli k\u00e9p, akkor a szekulariz\u00e1ci\u00f3 t\u00f6bb p\u00e1ly\u00e1n halad \u00e9s itt lent igyeksz\u00fcnk megval\u00f3s\u00edtani az \u00e9gi orsz\u00e1got. Hidas kifejtette, Amerik\u00e1ban civil vall\u00e1s van, vagyis a vall\u00e1snak k\u00f6z\u00f6s alapja van a nemzettudattal, a n\u00e9p szuverenit\u00e1sa Isten kez\u00e9ben nyugszik. M\u00e9g a nyugati vil\u00e1gba sem egys\u00e9ges, hogy milyen ir\u00e1nyba keress\u00fck a rendet, a j\u00f3t \u2013 z\u00e1rta Hidas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A besz\u00e9lget\u0151partnerek egyet\u00e9rtettek abban, hogy Carl Schmitt radik\u00e1lis gondolatai a mai napig vitatottak, ugyanakkor l\u00e9trehozva a politikai teol\u00f3gia fogalm\u00e1t, elind\u00edtotta az egyh\u00e1z \u00e9s politika viszony\u00e1r\u00f3l sz\u00f3l\u00f3, szerte\u00e1gaz\u00f3 diskurzust. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

A besz\u00e9lget\u00e9s a Magyar Filoz\u00f3fiai Enciklop\u00e9dia szakmai t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s\u00e1val val\u00f3sult meg. <\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mit jelent a szekulariz\u00e1lt vil\u00e1gban a vall\u00e1s? Hogyan lehet \u00faj rendet alap\u00edtani, ha \u00f6sszeomlik minden? Telth\u00e1zas esem\u00e9ny\u00fcnk\u00f6n besz\u00e9lgetett Carl Schmitt Katolicizmus \u00e9s politika c\u00edm\u0171, a Szent Istv\u00e1n t\u00e1rsulat \u00e1ltal nemr\u00e9g kiadott m\u0171ve kapcs\u00e1n h\u00e1rom megh\u00edvott el\u0151ad\u00f3nk \u2013 Dr. Mezei Bal\u00e1zs vall\u00e1sfiloz\u00f3fus, Dr. G\u00e1jer L\u00e1szl\u00f3 teol\u00f3gus \u00e9s Dr. Hidas Zolt\u00e1n filoz\u00f3fus, szociol\u00f3gus. A Carl Schmitt k\u00f6nyv\u00e9ben […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1427,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[32,31],"tags":[36,37,38,39,40],"class_list":["post-1424","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dialog","category-scruton-belvaros","tag-carl-schmitt","tag-egyhaz","tag-filozofia","tag-politikai-teologia","tag-scruton"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u201eA m\u00e1rt\u00edrok v\u00e9gzete politikai realit\u00e1s\u201d<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Mit jelent a szekulariz\u00e1lt vil\u00e1gban a vall\u00e1s? 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